Administrative / Practical Cases

Technological developments in recent years, especially the advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), have also been at the attention of the criminal justice system, where in some cases AI has served both the state and the defense. Practice shows that AI is being used in criminal cases to create or support biological, electronic, audio, and visual evidence, but also to verify the evidence’s authenticity.

This study aims to analyse the public enforcement of competition law regarding administrative and, in specific cases, criminal sanctions. The EU standards are seen in a comparative perspective with the Albanian enforcement of competition law. The methodology that is used to answer the research questions includes a desk review of the EU and Albanian standards regarding sanctions in competition law.

This paper deals with access of health care of undocumented migrants in Switzerland. Firstly it provides a general overview of the health care system of Switzerland and exposes the main Swiss laws and regulations which regulate access of health care.

The Jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) is important in the context of maintaining international peace and security. This is also the primary purpose of the United Nations (UN). The ICJ is the principal judicial institution of the UN which has jurisdiction to settle disputes between States that have consented to such jurisdiction.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the criminal offenses in the customs field and the particular elements that each figure carries. Crimes in the customs area are becoming more and more commonplace in national and European courts. Their special feature is that they are always in development and the legislator should try to preserve the pace of the dynamic time we are living.