Three major revolutions have shaped and reshaped the way society cooperates as a whole entity: the Agricultural Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, and the Technological Revolution.[1] Started in 1970 with the emergence of new technologies, the latter paved the way to a novel way of social interaction, the one that is referred to today as “the information society”.

This study aims to analyse the public enforcement of competition law regarding administrative and, in specific cases, criminal sanctions. The EU standards are seen in a comparative perspective with the Albanian enforcement of competition law.

This article explores the evolving concept of competition within the framework of European Union law, focusing particularly on how interpretations of antitrust law have shifted over time as a consequence of the level of achievement of the single European market.

Corruption poses significant challenges to Albania and North Macedonia, undermining state institutions and socio-economic stability. Both countries have initiated comprehensive anti-corruption strategies, legislative reforms, and international collaborations to combat this issue.

The main object of the article is to analyze the impact that the use of information technology and artificial intelligence technologies in judicial systems have had on human rights and values. In this connection, the paper focuses on the potential risks in the context of the digitalization of judicial services providing suggestions to address and mitigate them.

The latest vision and one of the main priorities of the Government of Albania has been transforming the penitentiary system, with a notable transition from retributive justice towards the endorsement/embracement of restorative justice approach.

This research will deal with the complexities of refugees’ integration in different societies. The paper will focus on the refugees’ perspective regarding what is helpful to them to better participate in the society. It will also provide examples on how European Union member states and also other states support refugees’ unification in their social order.

The Jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) is important in the context of maintaining international peace and security. This is also the primary purpose of the United Nations (UN). The ICJ is the principal judicial institution of the UN which has jurisdiction to settle disputes between States that have consented to such jurisdiction.

Domestic violence is still one of the state’s biggest challenges. During the new Millennium several legal changes have been made.

This paper deals with access of health care of undocumented migrants in Switzerland. Firstly it provides a general overview of the health care system of Switzerland and exposes the main Swiss laws and regulations which regulate access of health care.

The right to asylum is qualified as a fundamental value and the importance of having an asylum system and ensuring access to the asylum process derives from legally binding international legal documents ratified by Albania.

This work addresses the development of the protection of Human Rights in the EU. It explores the development of EU human rights outside of the EU treaties, due to the constitutional courts of the Member States and the European Court of Justice.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the criminal offenses in the customs field and the particular elements that each figure carries. Crimes in the customs area are becoming more and more commonplace in national and European courts.

Aiming to harmonize its water management legislation with the EU acquis, the Albanian Government transposed the European Union Water Framework Directive into its national legislation with the 2012 Law on Integrated Water Resource Management. The Law has been followed by implementing sub-legal acts and recently amended by Law 6/2018.

The European Community/Union has been an important factor in the dissolution of the Ex-Yugoslavia, even though this affirmation has raised many critics and debates. This paper tries to re-evaluate this role in an actual perspective, after nearly quarter a century from the beginning of the conflict.

When harm is done, it creates legal obligations and liabilities. This is a very important principle of civil law that accompanies criminal acts. The criminal behaviour infringes the law, but at the same time, it directly violates and harms the victims, which have the right of civil restitution.

Commercial companies in Albania play an important role, but thanks to our considerable resources they can also play a role in the European market.

Political parties are considered the cornerstone of democracy, helping to ensure that there is an informed and engaged citizenry.  Public and private funding is essential for political parties to survive, compete fairly, and perform their democratic functions, both during and between election campaigns.

This is an analysis aiming to examine the extent to which the Albanian legislation is aligned with the EU acquis with regard to the women’s labour rights, with a special focus on the non-discrimination on grounds of gender.

The better part of the last two years has made a case for the return of the ‘Balkan question’ on top of the European Union’s agenda.

This article aims to become an introduction to the situation of the legal framework and implementation of the law, in relation to the financial activity of the political parties and electoral subjects.

This article deals with the phenomenon of irregular immigration in Albania most specifically regarding the rights of asylum seekers and refugees.

In a democratic society, no one should be hindered to exercise his/her rights, rather he/she should be encouraged, especially when these rights are not merely individual but linked to the interests of society as a whole.

The present article calls the readers’ attention on a specific aspect of the Albanian legislation in force, the area of property law. More specifically the articles deals with the role of the Property Management Agency, as the public body legally qualified to regulate issues related to property, the amendments made to the law on property since 1993 to date, by focusing on the current law no.

Ownership as a fundamental human right and its proper administration have encountered many difficulties in these twenty-five years of market economy. This is also a result of most citizens not being familiar with the law and the lack of the culture of consulting lawyers or law professionals in general.

This article specifically deals with the law of treaties and its development in Albania.

This paper deals with a topic which has been very much debated within the Albanian arena for the last years: that of import of non-hazardous waste. It lately came again under the public opinion’s attention due to further legal changes and raised the same old Albanian fears regarding the issue of waste import and waste managment.

The concept of consumer protection is relatively new in Albania. The first consumer protection association was established in 15 March 1990, on the international day of consumers’ protection, in a time period coinciding with the start of political changes in Albania, but well before the institutionalisation of consumer protection policies.

The rule of law state is closely connected to the effectiveness of the so-called separation of powers.  As suggested by different voices, a wide institutional reform which should start with the amendment of the Constitution is considered necessary in order to have a proper separation of powers.

This article will deal with the progress of Albania´s accession to the European Union. Secondly, the Copenhagen principles to be complied with by candidate countries will be addressed, as far as several requirements regarding the state of the rule of law, democracy and fundamental rights are demanded by the EU institutions in order to be accepted as a new member in the EU.

The right to access to higher education is a hot topic being discussed around the world, which involves a series of legal, policy and human rights issues. This paper will deal with the right to access to higher education in Albania, analyzing the new education reform and its impact on access to higher education under the light of the ECHR convention.

On May 18, 2017 the European Commission addressed the case of Facebook (FB) regarding the infringements of merger procedural rules under EC Merger Rules (ECMR) for providing incorrect or misleading information. Facebook was fined with  110 million for breaching EU Merger procedural rules in providing incorrect or misleading information during the acquisition of Whatsapp.

This article focuses on the visa policy of the Schengen area and more specifically on the EC Regulation 539/2001 listing the third countries whose nationals must be in possession of visas and those whose nationals are exempt from this requirement while crossing the external borders.

This article examines the right to use industrial property rights which represent a high value asset for companies, as good source for access to financing. The first paragraph provides a brief explanation on IP rights recognized under the Albanian legislation and the mechanisms for securing financing on the bases of such intangible property rights.

This article deals with the concept of good governance and its major elements, among which civic engagement and respect to human rights. Paragraph II of this article explains the concept of good governance, the development of this concept and its main elements.

This article examines the right to appeal a court decision refusing an injunction order in a civil lawsuit. The first paragraph explains the definition of injunction and the main criteria on which to request it.

This article deals with a very serious human right violation, sexual abuse, committed against a particularly vulnerable category of our society: children. The article intends to treat in a comprehensive way the phenomenon of sexual abuse of children and its consequences as well as the measures taken to prevent it at international level and within the Albanian legal order.

United Europe started a new era with the Maastricht Treaty, since the latter triggers the triumph of a numerous achievements both in the economic and political domain. The establishment of the monetary market and the preparations for introduction into the market of the common currency signals the maximum economic integration and refinement of the single market.